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Monkey Mind |
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Introduction One evening I told my son a story that I had read from the Lemba tribe of Sierra Leone, West Africa. I was delighted to find tales from the country where he was born. Sierra Leone has been involved in a horrendous civil war for ten years. The war has resulted in some of the most hideous atrocities of our recent history. My son, who has been with me for less than three years and who I know from a special project I worked with at the UN five years ago, is the rare example of a young person who has successfully undergone detraumatization. One of his only cheerful childhood memories has been the recollection of stories he heard in his grandmother's village. The story that I told him was a difficult and complicated story about a mother and a son, about revenge, and the rebalancing of energy after a disaster. I asked him what he thought of it. His response was to tell me a story about a story. The context of the storytelling is vital to understand the way in which stories function for every sort of teaching, sharing, and healing in the Mende tradition of his birth. Context Every evening in the village of Matru Jong young and old sit in a circle and exchange stories. Each person is expected to tell or retell a story as part of the evening event. A stone is passed from one person to the next. Children are taught to listen carefully because they are also expected to repeat stories that they have heard. My son is an excellent listener. He has the capacity, bred from his history of storylistening , to reflect on what he hears instantly. Each person was then asked to discuss the story and what he or she thinks the boy should do. Everyone had an opinion. The Story A young boy went into the bush to hunt with his bow and arrow. He saw a monkey on the branch of a tree and aimed his arrow. The monkey spoke to him, "Stop. You must think before you shoot me. If you kill me, your mother will die and if you do not kill me, your father will die."
Making Meaning Ishmael could not remember what each person had said because he was too busy trying to find his own answer at the time. He was afraid that if he made either choice, then his mother or father would think that he favored one of them. So, he refused to give an answer. He was about seven years old at the time. Needless to say the story haunted me. What a strange story to tell? And to leave without an ending. Ishmael as other traditional peoples have told me about the many stories that are told where the ending is left to the listeners. I could not rest easily with this story . In the middle of one night, I thought it must be about the fact that death is inescapable. There is nothing more profound and necessary to acknowledge than the reality of impermanence. It is true that no matter what the boy chooses, both his parents will ultimately die as will the boy and the monkey. Then, I thought about the monkey who stopped the boy's mind from hunting at that moment to reflect on what he was doing. He was taking a life and all actions have effect in the energy of the world. The monkey is often the playful intelligence that is beyond convention. For instance, in the frame story of The King and the Corpse, it is the monkey that tears open apple which a King has thrown away after a beggar has presented it to him as a gift. The rotting apple has a ruby inside of it. Can a hunter afford to think when he is hunting about the outcome of his action? Or, does he not have only to think about what he is doing and the food he is taking? How many African stories talk about the danger that faces the hunter who takes a nap in the afternoon confident that he can not find any game. In one tale, the gifted hyena hunter is hunted by a hyena who pounces on him while he naps. Then, I thought about the very disturbing tale and the whole process of listening and thinking at a profound level, rather than always being spoon-fed a simple answer for our stories. Here was a living example of the power of story to heal, since it put us face to face with the most challenging dilemma. The community as a whole grapples with the issue at hand, like a Zen Koan as they unravel the inner meaning. I am offering this story, this context, and some of my ideas because it is worthwhile for us who are in challenging situations to think like storytellers. To think with a vast view and to look at all the possibilities of the effect of story. To not be afraid of the difficult questions and the life risking activities. To look at and think about death, about hunting of every sort, and about our process of making sense of stories. In the end, I am struck by the generosity of the storyteller who allows everyone to come up with all the answers, rather than one right answer. At the depth of the images of the story is an important series of reflections. What are your thoughts? And we will make room for all the answers. Visit Laura's website: www.laurasimms.com Comments Monkey Mind: Posted by Joe Pehoski on April 11, 2004 at 09:51 Dog-gon-it, this is one of those stories that are exquisitely irritating. I have not been able to dismiss it. However, in my own way, I have given it some rest. As I play the story through my mind I have come more and more to think of the young boy as your son, Ishmael. The question is not whether the father or mother will die but rather of why the boy has been put in this impossible situation, a situation that belies an acceptable resolution. How many times has Ishmael been put in that situation as a young man? How many times are we? The story does not have an answer, but it has a purpose. The purpose is much like a Zen Koan, to point to a truth beyond intellect or reason. As humans we have a unique burden of contemplating our actions without full knowledge of what the consequences of those actions might be. Faith becomes the arbitrator. The story s resolution is ultimately one of Faith. I must ask myself what I would I do if I were the boy? I would try to engage the monkey in dialogue find answers that may guide my decision when will my mother die will my father die of old age? If that did not work, I would offer a prayer for guidance listen to my heart and try to live with the consequences. What else can we do in life? Posted by Dewey Dempsey on November 28, 2000 at 16:19:48:
Monkey Mind: I immediately thought of a koan, but metaphorically I went to a place of feeling that the story was about having to decide between the feminine and masculine. I did not think of Laura's idea of the role of the hunter as killer, but rather as the hunter as a seeker of truth. I do like the power of stories that do leave open ends, even if I often feel emotionally frustrated. They can invite the deeper existential questions. From the little I know of that culture, largely through Malidome Some's work, the connection with the spirits of the ancestors and the voices that continue to move through the village seem to play an unspoken role in the way stories are felt, or understood. It will be interesting to read other comments. Dewey
Posted by Laura Simms on November 30, 2000 at 16:08:28: I am looking so forward to someone having a response to the story. Please read the story and try to tell someone this challenging tale and see what happens. let us know. best, Larua
Posted by Allison M. Cox on December 04, 2000 at 17:49:36: I am so interested to hear that the Lemba people discussed the meaning of stories since I have been told that indigenous peoples do not discuss stories in this manner. I am also fascinated by the passing of the stone - it holds body sense to me to pass such an object. This story seems to be a frozen moment in time - when all possibilities hang in the balance as potential avenues of action. I wonder if the monkey is trying to trick the hunter into becoming internally focused so that the monkey can escape. OR is the monkey really trying to impart some wisdom here? It could simply be that the parental roles would determine who would come into contact next with the monkey? If he kills the monkey - would his mother dress and prepare the meat? If the boy doesn't kill the monkey, then would his father have to go hunting to provide meat? Is anyone who come across this particular monkey that day in for it? Certainly seems to generate more questions! Curious to hear what others hear in this story... Posted by Gail Rosen on December 04, 2000 at 19:55:21:
There are "easy" stories - the ones where we immediately think "I know what this means." And even those often have layers and levels of meanings when we hold them for a time, or return to them. Posted by Kris Mathes on January 16, 2001 at 15:06:54: In Reply to: Monkey Mind posted by Gail Rosen on December 04, 2000 at 19:55:21:
I love this story. I hate this story. I need this story. What fascinates me is the impression Laura's story It tells me that even though he was disturbed by In response to those of you who think difficult Children need stories like this as much as adults do. Then I hear adults talk about their children, laughing Yes, we must protect children. But I think protecting a child I think it would be interesting to tell a "pat" story about Posted by Mel Davenport on January 07, 2001 at 16:09:37:
Laura, my first thought after reading this story was that I began to think of my own junior-high age friends when you mentioned your son and that pointed me in the direction that I perceived the story. The Posted by Laura Simms on January 07, 2001 at 19:08:32: In Reply to: Monkey Mind posted by Mel Davenport on January 07, 2001 at 16:09:37: :Dear Mel, I really enjoyed what you wrote about the story. And look forward to hearing what your students feel when presented with the story. I was also very intrigued about the idea of using it as a tool for decision making. The difficulty of the story provokes the possibility of a conversation that is unusual and courageous because it is about death and such forbidden idea as one's parents death as a result of one's actions. Makes me think also not only about the invisible spirits and ancestors, but also about interdependence of us and the natural world and how our decisions effect far beyond ourselves. all best, Laura
Posted by rafe martin on January 08, 2001 at 10:45:49: Very interesting. Several things come to mind. If you kill me your compassion (mother) will suffer. If you do not kill me your duty (father) will be compromised. What to do? What to do is the dilemma we face each moment. How to live, how to act, how to provide for the necessities of life. How to feed the community. What is food, after all? Hillman says somewhere that myth is the soul's food. Stories are food--I see this more and more. But what must we do to give this food? What compromises and difficulties of soul do we undertake? A Inuit shaman said to Knud Rasmussen that we must be careful--all the things we must hunt to live have souls. Killing is therefore very dangerous work because of this. To be born human is to be keenly aware of the dilemma and yet--we must act. There is a Zen koan, the 5th in the Mumonkan, one of the two classic Zen koan training texts. This koan is called Kyogen's Man Up a Tree. The Master Kyogen says--"It's like a man up a tree, hanging from a branch by his teeth. His hands can't grasp a bough, his feet can't rewach one. Under a tree stands another man who asks him, essentially, what is the the Truth? If he doesn't answer he fails in his respnsibiolty to the sincere question of the person below. If he does answer he will fall and lose his life. What should he do?" Stories don't give ansers. They articulate the existential truth of our situation. all best Laura, Rafe
Posted by Gail Rosen on January 08, 2001 at 16:34:17:
My 21 year old son says "It's a monkey! A trickster. He's simply trying to confuse the hunter so he can escape. It doesn't MEAN anything." Posted by Laura Simms on January 08, 2001 at 20:41:12: In Reply to: Monkey Mind posted by Gail Rosen on January 08, 2001 at 16:34:17: I appreciate this continuous play of answers and the Zen Coan. another unanswerable answer. perhaps this no answer is the greater potential for healing from the suffering caused by our monkey minded seeking answers.
Posted by True Thomas on January 12, 2001 at 12:33:40:
Brave little parrot has a lot in common with the small animals can do great things (even if we are small we can make a difference)I beleive there is a similiar story where a gecko keeps digging in a dry waterhole, and eventually finds water. Likewise the frogs in the butter churn.(Keeps kicking and thus survives) My favorite is the American indian story of hummingbird pushing back the night (and creates stars in the process) Posted by True Thomas on January 12, 2001 at 12:49:28:
I wrote my previous comments before reading yours- On the parrot side, interesting that the little parrot either shames or inspires the god to do something. Goes back to that old saying "most of mankinds gods have the manners and temperament of spoiled children" Betcha parrot acts as a psychopomp in other stories in that area as well. Posted by Tina Devine on January 15, 2001 at 09:18:00: In Reply to: Re: Monkey Mind posted by Laura Simms on January 08, 2001 at 20:41:12:
What a perplexing story. I am intrigued by stories whose structures lead into unexplored territory, either within myself, or within a group of folks. This is what I needed to ask the monkey: "How do you know this, and by who's authority is it so?" There's another thing I like to think about, and that is the infusion of the magic event. The monkey, after all, speaks.
Posted by Cristy West on January 10, 2001 at 18:13:24: Dear Laura: I was struck by the context for "Monkey Mind" in Mantu Jong tradition. This seems to be central to the healing potential of the tale within that society. And it also greatly resembles the format of a contemporary therapeutic story group, it seems to me! But I must say, when I first read your essay, I was shocked by the story, which seemed to present an absolutely no-win situation, with no clear message of hope for listeners, especially for fragile youngsters in need of optimistic reassurance and support. Recently I have been working in a school for emotionally disturbed kids (described in my Forum essay on "Brave Little Parrot") and I know I would never consider using this tale with that group. But as a teaching tale, to stimulate creative thinking among rational, philosophically-minded adults, Monkey Mind is clearly valuable, as the discussion here is showing. But I do think tellers must be extremely careful to think in advance about possible damaging effect an "interesting" story might have on listeners. Thanks, Laura, for getting this discussion going! Cristy
Posted by TrueThomas on January 15, 2001 at 18:52:41: The monkey spoke to him, "Stop. You must think before you shoot me. If you kill me, your mother will die and if you do not kill me, your father will die." "At which point the Boy carefully took aim and shot, just nicking the monkey. "Monkey, I have wounded you. If you are not careful that wound will get infected and you will die. If you get better or worse, in any case, I have no control over that. So if you die, it is up to you and the God's, just as it is with my Mother and Father. And with that the boy pick up his quiver and went on to find less talkative food. - True! Posted by Tina Devine on January 15, 2001 at 09:32:30:
What a perplexing story. I love stories which lead to unexplored territory, either within myself, or within a group of folks. There are two things I need to ask the monkey: "How do you know this is so? and by whose authority does it happen?" Would he risk taking the responsibility for acting? or would he laugh in the monkey's face and want to test it for himself? Why live life on heresay?
Posted by Kitrina Kearfott on January 17, 2001 at 12:12:50: I am interested by the way my understanding of the story was influenced by the given title, "Monkey Mind", which conjured up the Buddhist image of the mind as a drunk monkey with Saint Vitus' Dance that has been stung by a bumble bee. The voice of the monkey became that internal voice that distracts us from a singular aim. -- how the mind can be the "trickster" referred to by Gail's son and Allison -- And I also thought of how one can be paralyzed by indecision when one holds an overinflated view of the power of one's actions. I love True's brilliant "Answer for the Monkey" which recognizes the involvement of something "higher" in the outcome. We need not completely kill the mind or let it run totally free -- we can slow it down and require it to be careful. (like in the practice of vipassana meditation interestingly brought to the U.S. largely by mental health professionals) Is it the motivation or intention behind an act that is important?
Posted by Robin Pearlstein on January 20, 2001 at 19:56:29:
This story made me feel that very uncomfortable feeling of the struggle, as a child who still has magical thinking, of believing that a choice s/he makes or something s/he does will have utterly powerful consequences...that angst that maybe something one has done will or has caused something terrible to happen. It really evoked strong feelings along those lines. This is my first comment as a new member, this is a great forum!
Posted by Laura Simms on May 22, 2001 at 22:44:35: In Reply to: Monkey Mind posted by Robin Pearlstein on January 20, 2001 at 19:56:29:
I just read the question and comment above (from Pearlstein) and began to think any nmore thoughts about children hearing a story like this. Posted by Laura Simms on May 22, 2001 at 22:42:49: In Reply to: posted by Robin Pearlstein on January 20, 2001 at 19:56:29: I just read the question and comment above and began to think any nmore thoughts about children hearing a story like this. Posted by Gail Rosen on January 22, 2001 at 14:22:55: In Reply to: Monkey Mind posted by Robin Pearlstein on January 20, 2001 at 19:56:29:
I didn't of that aspect (magical thinking) when I first read the story. True's response to the monkey and your comment Robin could lead to important conversation about personal power and responsibility and guilt.
Posted by Mary Clark on February 04, 2001 at 16:30:43: I really enjoyed this story - the choice. I recall as a child walking home from school and thinking that if I walked this way or that way I would be choosing a certain path. Part of my thinking at the time was that I would be choosing one path or another. This story is interesting because it made me look - in desperation! - for a third choice, a fourth choice, etc. The child can choose to believe the monkey or not - and that is an interesting point as well. I too enjoy this forum and am glad I joined the SIG. Thanks!
Posted by Gregory Leifel on February 06, 2001 at 12:15:27:
Laura and all, Posted by Laura Simms on February 10, 2001 at 10:09:25: In Reply to: Monkey Mind posted by Gregory Leifel on February 06, 2001 at 12:15:27: I am delighted with the complexity, variety and even confusion of all the responses to the story. For me, the storyteller's responsibility, more than collecting more and more stories, is to develop the insight to look beyond the content-only to see how the story means in the telling.. how the story incites imagination, feeling. Ultimately, a story awakens the capacity to stir up fixed ideas and static states of mind. It can open the heart and arouse the practice of creative thinking. Such potent muscle building within is what strengthens someone to deal with their situation, to see themselves in a fresh way, and to accomodate feelings. The story teller is initiating lively communication and disturbing fixed ideas based on negative or habitual thinking patterns. If we find a single meaning based on the text alone, an intellectual activity only, then the teller begins to manipulate or inform their listener, raher than engage them in a living experience where they meet their own imagination and intuitive intelligence. The storytelling is a physical as well as a mental and feeling event. I think in order to tell a tale of this sort, the storyteller must be committed to be present as the narrator, as a guide and not disappeared into the story or become their favorite character. To let the whole story breathe and then the listener can become all the characters, etc.. Also, in this kind of tale it is necessary to recognize, especially when telling to people in chaotic, or traumatic states of mind, that it is not a finished done deal tale, but the instigator of conversation with no definite solution. All solutions are accepted as part of the dialogue. The listener is not solving a problem but viewing their own mind. This opening heart method is healing, regardless of the outcome be it life or death or illness. These are some thoughts gladly generated by the generosity and insightful and provocative ideas offered on this Forum for both Monkey and Parrot. Laura Posted by Gregory Leifel on February 07, 2001 at 15:57:58: In Reply to: Monkey Mind posted by Gregory Leifel on February 06, 2001 at 12:15:27:
Sorry, I inadvertently typed in my previous post in that the boy deciding not to shoot the monkey both parents would be saved. What I meant was that because he had to make a decision, in deciding NOT to make the decision (as opposed to shooting the monkey)he was opting out of the responsibility on some level for his father dying. The lesser of two evils, if you will. How this relates to my other point can best be illustrated with an example: You are asked to perform some community service which you feel passionately about. You know if you don't do it, it won't be done right. But you don't have time to do it. In choosing to NOT do it, you must live with and accept that it won't be done right. But there is some satisfaction in that you can't fight every battle and by choosing not to fight this particular one, the world goes on in it's own way. As you must live with your decisions. Posted by Laura Simms on February 10, 2001 at 07:51:00: Reading through the conversations and comments that people have made for Monkey Mind and Little Parrot, I am thoroughly delighted by the complexity, compassion and confusion they have aroused. More than gathering stories, I feel that as tellers our first responsibility is to begin to look beneath the obvious meaning of content, Or, what we assume the purpose of a story is.. thus, becoming too literal and manipulative. The story as heard is a mysterious event and potent awakener of communication (self to self) that has more ramifications than either the word text, or a single meaning. A creative and feeling potential is awakened in the listener that opens the heart, makes the mind flexible and curious. This sometimes daring disturbance stirs up the complacent and the static, and sets in motion the inner potential of one's inherent awareness or open heart. It is open heart that heals, whether the outcome is life or death. Thank you all. There are so many wonderful insights and humorous conclusions and great ideas. It seems that no single interpretation need to be the one, but all together we are listening and kicking up the dirt. keep pouring the water of your generosity and what grows will be a great surprise. Also, a story of tyhis sort to be told, the teller recognizes that this is not a story with a conclusion and can open it to response from the listener, rather than tell it as a done deal. Someone in a chaotic, or traumatic situation needs to be guided toward the conversation, rather than thinking they are the boy who must make this sort of decision. The trick for the storyteller is to present with enough presence and detachment, so that the listener becomes all the characters and possibilities. Let them be the monkey too. best, Laura
Posted by shoshi shamir on February 26, 2001 at 17:44:51:
Laura,Friends, Today, as I opened the forom site and saw the name of the story, all of a sudden it was revealed to me: I do believe that all is interrelated, and that whatever we do influences the world inways that most of them are not known to us. I do believe that intention matters when acting, as intention is part of the act. The monkey in the story brings to consciousness the intertwined ways of our living, which are not conscious most of the time. If I am not as witty as True, another way to outwit the monkey is to reverse the meaning of the deed. Thanks for being and listening,
Posted by Laura Simms on March 06, 2001 at 15:31:02: In Reply to: Monkey's Mind posted by shoshi shamir on February 26, 2001 at 17:44:51: Dear Shosha, and others, The original idea for The Forum included the hope that participants would try the story out with different groups and include in response some of the ways in which you used the story and the effect of the telling. I look forward to hearing about this. best, Laura
Posted by Andy Fraenkel on March 08, 2001 at 16:51:31: Hi Storytelling People, This is a sublime site. Wonderful reflections. But to analyze the monkey mind. Impossible! I know this monkey mind trickster very well. If he has his way he won't let you rest for a minute. You'll wind up staying awake all nite and sweating buckets. I encounter this monkey mind every day in my life and if I listen to him its difficult to make decisions and move forward. This monkey mind fellow spreads restlessness, doubt and confusion. The only thing to do is laugh in his face and call his bluff. Then he scampers off.
Posted by Laura on March 10, 2001 at 21:37:51: In Reply to: Monkey Mind posted by Andy Fraenkel on March 08, 2001 at 16:51:31: Andy, I love your response. It made me laugh out loud. Of course, I too know Monkey well. laura
Posted by Larry Lee on July 08, 2001 at 01:57:46:
When I claim and set out to accomplish a goal beyond my current set of agreements regarding my creative capacity, my mind always questions my ability to accomplish the task. My mind only knows what it knows and both doubts and abhors the possibilities inherent in my greater creativity; it has a vested interest in keeping who it thinks I am alive. That the monkey (mind) proposes an otherwise inevitable situation for the Hunter to consider is merely the mind doing what it does best, attempting to keep who it thinks I am, the agreements and beliefs it maintains about who I am, alive. The story's brilliance is in presenting the situation as inevitable and therefore not effectual beyond the Hunter's choice to be diverted from his goal or not. Perhaps the listener will identify with his or her liberty to choose in the matter of maintaining the status quo or to step into the realm of creative possibility. Perhaps healing is in some ways an empowering and liberation toward greater choice in living (which might include dying).
Posted by Laura Simms on July 20, 2001 at 08:32:58: In Reply to: Monkey Mind posted by Larry Lee on July 08, 2001 at 01:57:46: Dear Larry,
Posted by jennifer Kimzey on February 17, 2003 at 18:11:13: Imagine Cinderella, being confronted by her father who abandoned her emotionally, and her step mother, a very poor sustitute for the original who left a long time ago. These parents ask you, a 7 yr old, "If we get divorced who do you want to live with?" This is death to a child, one more on top of the first two. It doesn't matter if it is real or not, if the divorce occurs or not, because the question haunts Cinderella for the rest of her life. Cinderella eventually finds the truth after years of searching. Life is fleeting, and we must love and live as time allows. Everyone eventually leaves. Monkeys are cruel at best. Posted by joan stockbridge on February 19, 2003 at 17:55:21: In Reply to: Monkey Mind posted by jennifer Kimzey on February 17, 2003 at 18:11:13: Dear Jennifer, Posted by Laura Simms on February 20, 2003 at 16:45:14: In Reply to: Re: Monkey Mind posted by joan stockbridge on February 19, 2003 at 17:55:21: Jenny, Kristin, Thursday, August 14, 2003 Monkey Mind I'm as usual behind the eight ball, and I realize that the responses are two years old, but I figure this might just be a timeless discussion. I feel the Monkey Mind story is a way of questioning the options of survival. When survival is based on very primitive ideas, the need to eat, and have shelter, I felt the monkey was the questioning the sacrifices we all make just to basically survive. What does that mean to a tribe of people in comparison to an individuals needs? I think about the late night hours the common day worker of our society, puts in to attain new material wealth, but their relationship with their family is dying. Could we give up all that we hold "valuable" for the sake of ensuring that our survival includes peace, includes a satisfying relationship with our family, includes doing what our heart desires, rather than what we think others desire of us? It all depends on what we individually define as valuable. Culturally speaking... what would an African youth choose? Would it be a nurturing mother, or a father who looks upon this boy as competition. Or is this another situation where a women's life is reduced to their birthing capacity and then considere dispensible. Then look back upon our culture when million dollar CEO's can make rash lay off decisions and yet not consider how the line worker at his minimum 5% yearly raise, will subsist or the fact that that workers 20 years of dedication including the overtime they spent during deadline time, is now dispensible? Faith becomes a much more needed skill than any college degree, or technical certificate. If the person still graduates incomplete within themselves, what do they seek to accomplish? Okay thanks for reading. From Bill
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